UNESCO’s approach to inclusion in education, based on “every learner matters and matters equally,” aligns with the Agenda 2030 paradigm of ‘leaving no one behind’. As the lead agency for SDG 4, UNESCO promotes this through global research, normative work, and capacity building. The Ockham IPS evaluation highlights UNESCO’s contributions to including marginalized learners, like refugees and people with disabilities, while noting other organizations may better address grassroots capacity development. Challenges remain in practical implementation and linking to broader social inclusion. Recommendations include enhancing research, data use, intersectoral collaboration, and engagement with local education authorities and NGOs.